Wednesday, October 21, 2015

Bones: Skeletons and How They Work

Title: Bones: Skeletons and How They Work
Author: Steve Jenkins
Publisher: New York: Scholastic Reference, 2010
ISBN: 978-0-545-04652-7

Summary: A pictorial guide to bones—human and animal—their scale, and how they work together.

Critical Analysis: In this survey of bones, preeminent artist and science enthusiast Steve Jenkins uses his signature cut paper collage to illustrate bone size and function. Organized by position in the body beginning with the hands and feet, we are shown the similarities and differences between us and animals from the shrew to the T-Rex. One page shows cat, human, and elephant femurs on a quarter scale.

Bones is a visually driven informational book. The paper chosen for the bones and skeletons is white with mottling of tan and grey, mimicking the appearance of real-life bones. These are set against dark solid colors, allowing the eye to examine the detailed illustrations. Skeletons are posed to reflect movement, and the poses combined with the size scales in the corners of the pages make the book intriguing enough for all ages to peruse repeatedly.

Consisting of a few simple sentences here and there, it is not Jenkins best text. Aiming for the third grade reading level, he succeeds in making the tone conversational, but the mix between advanced vocabulary and easy-read words is uneven, making the text feel awkward. However, the information is good and appropriate to the illustration. The section “More About Bones” on the last few pages of the book contains boxes of illustrated facts, stories, history, and science that will appeal to older readers. The text in this section doesn’t try so hard to be simple and therefore feels more natural.

Because the book is made for browsing by young children, there are no reference aids—not even page numbers. Dependent only upon the good reputation of Steve Jenkins, Bones could use more source information. The only nod to research is a tiny note of thanks to a consultant from the Department of Mammalogy at the American Museum of Natural History. Without more authentication, Bones feels, excuse the pun, like the “bare bones” of a book.

Awards:
Caldecott Honor Winning Artist
ALA Notable Children’s Book 2011

Reviews:

School Library Journal: “…bones are given an entertaining and fresh treatment.

The Bulletin of the Center for Children’s Books: “The text, a brief paragraph or so on every spread, is compact yet illuminating, but it's really all about the visuals here… Jenkins cleverly "poses" his subjects for maximum amusement (in one spread, a skeletal rhino chases a fleeing set of human bones) and information (the lineup of arms drives home the similarity of structure); each spread helpfully notes the scale of its images.

Kirkus Book Reviews: “Jenkins’s signature collages are ideal for illustrating this introduction to the way bones work in humans and other mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and most fish.

More by Steve Jenkins:
Actual Size. HMH Books for Young Readers, 2004. ISBN 978-0618375943
What Do You Do With a Tail Like This? Robin Page and Steve Jenkins. HMH Books for Young Readers, 2003. ISBN 978-0439703840.
Big & Little. HMH Books for Young Readers, 1996. ISBN 978-0395726648
In the Author’s Words:
 “It's critically important, for all of us, that children grow up with an understanding of what science is and how it works…They will be asked to make science-based decisions about biotechnology, energy, artificial intelligence — along with things we have not yet thought of — that will have life-changing consequences for the entire world. The scientific process teaches us to not accept things at their face value, to ask questions, and to demand evidence. An ability to think this way will be invaluable as our children confront an increasingly complex world.
Steve Jenkins’ website: http://www.stevejenkinsbooks.com/science.html
Websites:
An interactive scale (there may be an ad, but you can skip it): 
http://htwins.net/scale2/

Created for Texas Woman’s University course LS 5603.21

Bomb: The Race to Build--and Steal--the World's Most Dangerous Weapon

Title: Bomb: The Race to Build—and Steal—the World’s Most Dangerous Weapon
Author: Steve Sheinkin
Publisher: New York: Roaring Brook Press, 2012
ISBN: 978-1-59643-487-5

Summary: Taking us from the birth of the split uranium atom in 1938 to the beginning of the Cold War, Sheinkin introduces major players from science, espionage, and politics like Oppenheimer, Gold, and FDR respectively, and examines their contributions and hindrances to the development and use of the Atomic bomb.

Critical Analysis: Although Sheinkin divides his history of the atomic bomb creation into four parts—Three-Way Race, Chain Reactions, How to Build an Atomic Bomb, and Final Assembly—the book is far more than the sum of its parts. Using not only exciting text and photographs, but also the build-up and rapid pacing of a spy movie, Sheinkin draws us into a world filled with conflicted heroes, fanatical traitors, and a few people who are just doing their job. Reading of U.S. lead scientist Robert Oppenheimer’s physicist recruitment efforts and of the struggles of Russia’s KGB’s to obtain spies, both nations desperately seeking reliable people to work at the U.S. National Laboratory in Los Alamos, the secrecy practically begs one to whisper if reading aloud.
.
The organization and research of Bomb is impeccable, justifying Sheinkin’s reputation as a trustworthy author. An easily navigated table of contents and a comprehensive index make it easy to find exactly what you seek. Pulling from a great range of authoritative primary and secondary sources, Sheinkin’s research is exhaustive. Almost twenty pages using very small font, the author notes, bibliography, and quotation notes authenticate the facts, descriptions, and dialogue used in the book.

Scheinkin has the rare talent of making WWII history buffs sit on the edge of their seats even though they already know how the story ends.

Awards:
2013 Sibert Medal
2013 YALSA Award for Excellence in Nonfiction
2013 Newbery Medal Honor Book
2012 National Book Award Finalist for Young People's Literature
National Book Awards Finalist

Reviews:

Wall Street Journal: "This superb and exciting work of nonfiction would be a fine tonic for any jaded adolescent who thinks history is "boring." It's also an excellent primer for adult readers who may have forgotten, or never learned, the remarkable story of how nuclear weaponry was first imagined, invented and deployed--and of how an international arms race began well before there was such a thing as an atomic bomb.”

Booklist: “[a] complicated thriller that intercuts action with the deftness of a Hollywood blockbuster

School Library Journal: " ...reads like an international spy thriller, and that's the beauty of it.

Kirkus Book Reviews: “It takes a lot of work to make a complicated subject clear and exciting, and from his prodigious research and storytelling skill, Sheinkin has created a nonfiction story young people will want to read. A superb tale of an era and an effort that forever changed our world.”

Author Quote:
“As with all the best true stories, there are elements no novelist could invent. As I researched and read primary sources, one of the things that really came across was that here were bunch of folks thrust into uncharted territory, and feeling their way around obstacles. Take George Kistiakowsky performing a last-second fix on the first plutonium bomb with a dental drill, or Robert and Charlotte Serber’s bumbling attempt to spread misinformation about the project at a Santa Fe bar. There were so many geniuses at work on the bomb, but they were still making it up as they went along.”
-From an interview with Daryl Grabarek of School Library Journal on 4 September 2012. Find the whole interview at http://www.slj.com/2012/09/standards/cc_september2012_interview/
Meet-the-Author Book Reading:
http://www.teachingbooks.net/book_reading.cgi?id=8116&a=1
Activity and Websites:
  • Use a database to discover and learn about countries that have atomic bombs today.
  • A slideshow of the photos used in Bomb:

http://us.macmillan.com/bomb/SteveSheinkin
  • The CIA website kids’ zone includes games and activities for various age groups, from kindergarten to parents & teachers:

https://www.cia.gov/kids-page

Video from Los Alamos National Laboratory:


Created for Texas Woman’s University course LS 5603.21

What To Do About Alice?

Title: What To Do About Alice? How Alice Roosevelt Broke the Rules, Charmed the World, and Drove Her Father Teddy Crazy!
Author: Barbara Kerley
Illustrator: Edwin Fotheringham
Publisher: New York: Scholastic, 2008
ISBN: 978-0-439-92231-9


SUMMARY: “
What to do about Alice?” is the question Teddy Roosevelt continually grapples with as daughter Alice’s madcap adventures entertain the nation and the world. From her energy as a little girl to her maturity (a relative term when it refers to Alice), nothing will slow this girl down!


CRITICAL ANALYSIS: “I can be president of the United States, or I can control Alice. I cannot possibly do both.” -Teddy Roosevelt.

Theodore Roosevelt was not only one of our most popular presidents, but also one of our most capable, so when he declares that his eldest daughter is “running riot” you know it’s serious. Barbara Kerley’s straight-forward text is punctuated with occasional bold fonts to emphasize what Alice should be doing as the daughter of a president and snippets of the public’s reactions to what she was actually doing. Kerley grounds her writing in thorough research, providing not only author notes, but also a bibliography for the quotes from Theodore Roosevelt and Alice.

If Kerley’s text is the straight man, Fotheringham’s illustrations are the comic.

Illustrator Edwin Fotheringham’s pictures are barely contained. Family Circus-style dotted travel lines show Alice’s frantic movements from falling down the stairs to crisscrossing the globe. Her period skirts and ribbons, primarily in red or Alice Blue, are always trailing behind her. The up-tilted chin and mischievous smile gracing her pretty face make you wonder what she has in mind next.

Alice would be proud.

AWARDS:
Sibert Honor Book 
Boston Globe-Horn Book Honor Book 

Irma Black Award Honor Book
Parents Choice Award 
A Publishers Weekly Best Book of the Year
A School Library Journal Best Book of the Year
A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year
An ALA Notable Book

REVIEWS:
Booklist: "Irrepressible Alice Roosevelt gets a treatment every bit as attractive and exuberant as she was....  Kerley's text has the same rambunctious spirit as its subject, grabbing readers from the first line....  The large format gives Fotheringham, in his debut, plenty of room for spectacular art."

Publishers Weekly: "It's hard to imagine a picture book biography that could better suit its subject than this high-energy volume serves young Alice Roosevelt."    

Horn Book: "What to do about Alice?  Enjoy!" 

YOU MAY ALSO ENJOY:
George Washington’s Teeth by Deborah Chandra and Madeleine Comora. Illustrated by Brock Cole. Farrar Straus Giroux, 2003 ISBN 0374325340. 
A picture book revealing the First President’s life as measured by the number of real teeth in his mouth. The end of the book contains a time line of his life, more information about his teeth, and quotes from George Washington’s letters, diaries, and accounts
Duck for President by Doreen Cronin. Illustrated by Betsy Lewin. Antheneum, 2004. ISBN 978-0689863776.
 From the team that brought us Click, Clack, Moo comes the story of how Duck’s modest political ambition leads him to the White House and then back to the farm.
Lincoln Tells a Joke: How Laughter Saved the President (and the Country) by Kathleen Krull and Paul Brewer. Illustrated by Stacy Innerst. HMH Books for Young Readers, 2010 ISBN 978-0152066390.
A picture book presenting Abraham Lincoln’s extraordinary wit.
Crowded Hours: Reminiscences by Alice Roosevelt Longworth. Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1933. Although not a children’s book, it is a fun read for fans. Find this one in the library—it’s over $100 on Amazon, though you can find it for half that at some used book stores!
ACTIVITIES:
A slide show about the children of the U.S. Presidents:
http://fun.familyeducation.com/slideshow/presidents/61488.html
A quiz game about children of the U.S. Presidents:
http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/World/Children-of-US-Presidents-137680.html
Here's a sample of the color named after Alice Roosevelt Longworth:

What color would you like to have named after you?



Review Created for TWU class LS 5603.21

Wednesday, October 7, 2015

Brown Girl Dreaming

Title: Brown Girl Dreaming
Author: Jacqueline Woodson
Publisher: New York: Penguin
ISBN: 978-0-399-25251-8

Summary: Jackie was named for her father and raised by her mother during the turbulent 1960’s. Too young to comprehend the complexities of the marches, black power, and the social revolution, Jackie holds on to her family’s love as the world changes around her. Brown Girl Dreaming is Jacqueline Woodson’s autobiography.

Critical Analysis: Don’t be fooled by its title, Brown Girl Dreaming is a book for all of us—black, white, purple, boy or girl. A novel written in free verse, Woodson’s spare text is carefully chosen—just enough words to evoke an emotion and hint at complex social underpinnings. The book is made up of snippets: a haiku here, a sentence fragment there, fresh laundry, the death of a loved one. Each event is touched lightly, but solemnly.

“Somewhere in my brain
each laugh, tear and lullaby
becomes memory.”

Woodson’s words are lyrical; descriptions of the South and New York City take you there. From the yellow dots of her grandmother’s cheese grits left on the plate to the heat of a Brooklyn sidewalk, Woodson’s vivid details share with you her love for each place.  She crafts her poetry not only with affection for the words, but also with attention to the surrounding space, leaving room for self-reflection.

Although it is a coming-of-age book, no single event marks the line between childhood and young womanhood. The self-awareness of the author is built line upon line, poem after poem. The final poems of the novel are exclamations of personal belief.

“I believe in one day and someday and this
            perfect moment called Now.”

The book begins with a family tree and ends with photographs of the people you have come to know. Jacqueline Woodson’s free-style poetry will remind you of the pull of home, wherever that may be.

Awards:
National Book Award 2014
Coretta Scott King Book Award 2015
Newberry Honor Book 2015
Margaret A. Edward Award for Lifetime Achievement

Reviews:

New York Times: “The triumph of “Brown Girl Dreaming” is not just in how well Woodson tells us the story of her life, but in how elegantly she writes words that make us want to hold those carefully crafted poems close, apply them to our lives, reach into the mirror she holds up and make the words and the worlds she explores our own. This is a book full of poems that cry out to be learned by heart. These are poems that will, for years to come, be stored in our bloodstream.”
National Book Foundation: “…an intimate journey of victory, sorrow, and discovery. Sharp social commentary of a country’s struggle to live up to its ideals, an honest portrayal of the strength of family, and the delicate blossoming of a young writer make this memoir in verse a gift to all who read it.”
Kirkus Reviews:Woodson cherishes her memories and shares them with a graceful lyricism; her lovingly wrought vignettes of country and city streets will linger long after the page is turned.”
Author Quote:
Regarding memories: “It comes in these small moments with all of this white space around it, and I think that that’s what you get in reading [Brown Girl Dreaming]—you get that small moment…then the moments are of course linked together to tell the story.” –NPR Fresh Air interview, 12/10/14
Extras:
Listen to author Jacqueline Woodson on the NPR show Morning Edition 9/19/14
http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/09/18/348992638/jacqueline-woodson-on-being-a-brown-girl-who-dreams

Activities:
A great resource with lots of activities using Brown Girl Dreaming as a springboard:
http://www.literacyworldwide.org/blog/literacy-daily/2014/10/02/putting-books-to-work-i-brown-girl-dreaming-i-
Created for course 5603.21 at Texas Woman's University

Tuesday, October 6, 2015

Insectlopedia: Poems and Paintings

Title: Insectlopedia: Poems and Paintings
Author/Illustrator: Douglas Florian
Publisher: San Diego: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1998
ISBN: 0-15-201306-7

Summary:
Insectlopedia is a collection of poems and paintings by Douglas Florian focusing on common insects, many of which can be found in your backyard.  

Critical Analysis:
Featuring twenty-one poems about common insects, Douglas Florian’s Insectlopedia is a humorous whirlwind tour of the North American insects. A fine balance of humor and fact is struck in each rhyming poem, making them not only laugh-out-loud funny but also an invitation to find out more about the insect. The bugs are personified comically—the black widow refuses to wear denim and giant water bugs never get cards for Father’s Day. Although rhythm features in all the poems, it is strongest for the weevils and army ants--practically marching.

“We are weevils.
We are evil.
We’ve aggrieved
Since time primeval.” 

The illustration accompanying each poem is watercolor and collage on a primed paper-bag, an unusual and visually interesting combination; many insects have funny expressions or use human props. Looking at the pictures, it seems that Florian had a lot of fun painting them and you’d like to try the technique yourself—just to see what happens. However, the painted illustrations aren’t the only visual fun. The whirligig beetles’ text spins round and round while the inchworm’s poem’s text wiggles up and down.

If you are reading these poems to a group of young children, expect giggles. If you read this book to yourself, expect the same. The table of contents will help you find just the bug you are looking for--unless you want a stinkbug or a dung beetle. Sadly, those two are not in the book.

Awards:
Douglas Florian has won the Lee Bennett Hopkins Poetry Award, and ALA Notable Children’s Book Award for his book Beast Feast.

Reviews:
Scholastic: “Insectlopedia transforms the natural world into a realm where language, art, and entomology join with humor and imagination for a unified flight of fancy. And the spell it casts is greater than the sum of its parts.

Publishers Weekly: "The silly, imaginative verses about whirligig beetles and waterbugs (almost) match the exquisite pictures in playfulness and wit. The result is downright stunning."

Booklist: “The clever artwork, deftly constructed, and the entertaining collection of insect and arachnid verse it illustrates will delight readers.

More by Douglas Florian:
Mammalabilia - ISBN 978-0152050245
Lizards, Frogs, and Polliwogs - ISBN 978-0152052485 
Beast Feast - ISBN 978-0152017378

Author Quote:
“In poetry you can pull or push words, s t r e t c h words, shape words, invert words, invent words, use bad grammar, bad spelllling, or anything that makes the poem better. That’s poetic license, and I get mine renewed every Thursday.”
- http://www.curledupkids.com/intervue/intflori.htm

Activities:
Raise a caterpillar to a butterfly

Take a nature tour to seek out bugs

Created for course 5603.21 at Texas Woman's University

The Surrender Tree: Poems of Cuba's Struggle for Freedom

Title: The Surrender Tree: Poems of Cuba’s Struggle for Freedom
Author: Margarita Engle
Publisher: New York: Holt, 2008
ISBN: 978-0-8050-8674-4

Summary: Told through the eyes of five distinct narrators, The Surrender Tree is based on the true story of Rosa la Bayamesa and her husband José Francisco Varona. She was a prominent healer during Cuba’s struggles for Independence from 1850-1899 and he helped to establish and defend the many jungle hospitals they served.

Critical Analysis: Told entirely through free verse, Margarita Engle’s novel is a wonderful introduction to an inspiring real-life hero from Cuba’s many revolutions from the 1850 to 1899. Five narrators bring their own perspective to the violent events of the time. The table of contents breaks the book into five parts representing consecutive periods of Cuban history: chafing under Spanish Rule, the Ten Years’ War, the Little War, the War of Independence, and the Spanish surrender to the United States ending the Spanish-American War. Engle includes a timeline and author and historical notes to expand our understanding of the events surrounding her characters.

We first meet Rosa, our heroine, as a girl. A slave blessed with healing talents, she shares her gift not only at her master’s bidding, but also with rebels and runaway slaves. Rosa’s tone is straightforward—she is simply using her gift of healing. The next character is Lieutenant Death, a young man who is an eager apprentice of his ruthless slave-hunting father. Lieutenant Death becomes obsessed with the destruction of Rosa the witch-girl. While these characters are young belief in ghosts and the supernatural is frequently mentioned.

By the time Rosa’s owner takes part in the Ten Years’ War, Rosa is a young woman. Her owner frees her and Rosa meets and marries our third narrator, José. José quickly establishes himself as a practical man sharing a knack for simile and metaphor with Rosa.

“I picture the two of us, carved and polished,
motionless, yet alive, 
holding up our roof of hope.”

Over the ensuing years a reader can sense our heroes growing exhausted of constant warfare. José says:

“Sometimes war feels
like a lonely child’s game, 
one that explodes
out of control.”

Lieutenant-General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, Marquis of Tenerife, Empire of Spain, (known as General Weyler in the history books), is sent to subdue the Cuban rebellion. His pompous words are full of disdain for Spain’s Cuban population. He ruthlessly forces peasants into “reconcentration” camps, the forerunner of Hitler’s concentration camps. Our final narrator, a young girl named Silvia, escapes the reconcentration camp and joins Rosa as an apprentice. By this time Rosa is an old woman, weary of war and fear, but still trying to heal all who come to her.

The U. S. victory in the Spanish-American War suddenly ends the Cuban rebellions. José and Rosa take the victory with a grain of salt, seeing the American occupation as yet another blow to Cuban independence. The young Silvia sees the occupation as a fresh start, stability for Cuba.

That Engle has distilled such a long chaotic period into just 137 brief poems is a testament to her wordcraft. She manages to continually add depth and experience to her characters using only the barest of words, catching and holding us with matter-of-fact poetry punctuated with profound metaphors and similes.  The emotional impact of the story grows as the characters mature—to borrow imagery from Engle—from the airy balsa wood of youth to the dense wood of the guayacán tree.

Awards:
Pura Belpre Award 2009
Newbery Honor Book 2009
Bank Street-Claudia Lewis Award 2009
Bank Street-Best Children’s Book of the Year 2009
ALA Best Books for Young Adults
Junior Library Guild Selection

Reviews:
“Engle writes her new book in clear, short lines of stirring free verse. Caught by the compelling narrative voices, many readers will want to find out more.” – Booklist

A powerful narrative in free verse . . . haunting.” - The Horn Book

“Hauntingly beautiful, revealing pieces of Cuba's troubled past through the poetry of hidden moments.” - School Library Journal

Also by Margarita Engle:
The Poet Slave of Cuba: A Biography of Juan Francisco Manzano - ISBN  978-0312659288
The Firefly Letters: A Suffragette’s Journey to Cuba - ISBN 978-0805090826
Tropical Secrets: Holocaust Refugees in Cuba - ISBN 978-0805089363

More Activities:
A great resource with links to PBS, National Geographic, and many others (including a five minute video “Cuba for Kids”).

Created for course 5603.21 at Texas Woman's University